Stela of Duol Srae Bhūmi (K. 1050), 854 Śaka

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2023-11-08Z

Editors:   Saveros Pou, Gerdi Gerschheimer and Salomé Pichon.

DHARMA Identifier: INSCIK01050

Hand Description:

The scribe alternates between single and double-upstrokes ra.

The scribe makes scanty use of numerotation, and alternates between "regular" numbers and daṇḍa in order to count in the inscription.

It is interesting to note that there is no absolute rule for the position of the i on the p: while in lines A 8, 20, 21 and 23 and B 2, the sign of the vowel is placed on the second shaft of the p of pi (see also krapi, l. A 19, and priti, l. A 19), it is placed here on the 1st.

The 1st line of face B is very altered, to the point that one can wonder if the engraving was completed: the outline of the letters is finer than elsewhere, perhaps revealing a first trial of the lapicide, abandoned before he performed the complete engraving. It is possible that the hand is different from that of the rest of the inscription. In both cases, we should continuously read from the line A23 to the line B2.

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Additional Metadata

No metadata were provided in the table for this inscription

Edition

^{A A1}gomutraInitialddandaOrnate siddhi svasti| Oṁ namaś śivāyacircleTarget

^A2circleTarget 854 śaka| nu mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau
^A3nā vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara| paṅgaṁ
^A4thpvaṅ· nivedana| gi sruk· bhūmyākara nā pa-
^A5ṅgva¿ṁy?⟨y⟩· vāp· śiveśvara (ta) khl(ā)y· (day·) nuva Upā-
^A6ya nuva | khñuṁma n(u)va dravya phoṅ¡a!⟨·⟩ nuva sre ta
^A7ti vāp· śiveśvara thbe nuva sre nirmmūla nuva sre mr̥-
^A8takadhana| svaṁ pi thbe caṁnāṁ ta vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ·
^A9Añ· parameśvara cāṁ tandula Eka prastha pratidi-
^A10na| mān· vraḥ [śā]sana dhūlī vraḥ pāda dhūlī jeṅ·
^A11vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ·| pre pratyaya mo(k)· sa-
^A12ṅ· praśasta ta gi sruk· saṅ gol· ta gi sre Oy ta
^A13mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau nā vraḥ kamrate-
¹⁴ṅ· Añ· parameśvara| nuva Upāya nuva dra-
^A15vya phoṅa pre thbe caṁnāṁ vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ·
^A16parameśvara nu gi| sre (ja)nārddana^🧭 | sre cik su
^A17bh(ega)^🧭| sre kadamva^🧭 | ⟨⟨sre sru srāl·^🧭⟩⟩ sre phle sruk^🧭| sre ka-
^A18ntāl· vala^🧭 | khñuṁ gho IIII rat· I| tai IIIII kvan· III
^A19th[mu]r· 4| krapi IIII| prīti Anuktāgama siddhi(|)
^A20pi pre ta gi kāryya vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· pa-
^A21ra(m)eśva(ra|) neḥ bhūmyākara neḥ vvaṁ jā pi svata-
^A22ntra ta khloñ[·] vrihi| vvaṁ jā pi svatantra ta
^A23khloñ· kandvār· cralo| vvaṁ jā pi svatantra^B
B1ta pratyaya (lṅo) [.]au [vvaṁ jā pi svatan](tra)
^B2ta pratyaya paryaṅ·| vvaṁ jā pi svatantra
^B3nā mvāy· dai ti leṅa nā vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ¡a!⟨·⟩
^B4Añ· parameśvara gus·| vvaṁ Āc ti Ācā-
^B5ryya khloñ· vnaṁ pre qnak· noḥ ta gi kāryya
^B6ta dai ti thmā thbe caṁnāṁ noḥh· gus·| Ā-
^B7yatta ta mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau nu-
^B8va kula (d)ai [2×] yajamāna Ukka|
^B9| kalpanā paryaṅ· mās· I
^B10lṅo liḥ 5 pratisaṁvatsara|

Apparatus

^A2 854 ◇ 835
^A3 parameśvara| paṅgaṁ • S. Pou do not note the punctuation mark, evident on all documents, between parameśvara and paṅgaṁ.
^A4 paṅgva¿ṁy?⟨y⟩· ◇ [...] P • The presence of a pa (clearer on the picture of the stone than on the estampages) after the akṣara nā is certain. In the following ṅgvaṁy·, the element gv and the virāma are almost certain, the others very likely. It seems that the syllable ṅgva is surmounted by an anusvāra (maybe because the lapicide has first written paṅgaṁ ?), but this one should be erased. Furthermore,between the upstroke of the ya and the virāma figures an element which doesn’t look erased. Indeed, the remaining of this line’s text, until nuva excluded, is evidently re-written over a first engraving, of which we still see some traces.
^A5 śiveśvara • This sequence (thus edited in the NIC II and already noted by Jacques 1971: 186), seems to have been rewritten on a first engraving, which makes it difficult to read: the element ve does not present a "canonical" form of the e ; a sign similar to an l appears below it (see also l. A6). On the ra is a small horizontal bar which is probably a remnant of an early engraving, rather than a virāma. — ^A5 (ta) khl(ā)y· ◇ ta khloñ P • The whole sequence seems to be rewritten on the first engraving, which makes its interpretation uncertain. However, it seems impossible to see a ñ at the end of the sequence, and the character y, with a virāma, looks quite clear; but it is accompanied by a subscribed element which appears to be gv, and which would have belonged to the first engraving. The khl ligature, quite clean, is flanked to its right by the vertical element of an ā, and surmounted by a loop which does not present the shape of a first element of an o, and which I interpret as a trace of a first engraving. In conclusion, I propose to recognize in the word targeted by the stoning the term khlāy (variant for khlai), "brother-in-law" (?). This conjecture is of course based on the fact that the Sanskrit part (side B, l. 11-14) teaches us that "Siveśvara is, precisely, the syāla of Vaktraśiva (i.e. his brother-in-law, more precisely his wife’s brother). — ^A5 (day·) ◇ duñ P • Very uncertain reading. However, it does not seem that one can read duñ: the mark of the u under what seems to be a d is almost non-existent (especially compared to the highly pronounced u of the many nuva and of dulau, l. A2 and A13) and what had been read ñ in the NIC II is more like a y with virāma. But I don’t know what to do with day·. [Note also that the "virāma", if it is indeed one, could belong to the "1st engraving", and that it could then be read daya.]
^A6 | khñuṁma n(u)va ◇ khñuṁ nuv P • The presence of the akṣara ma, omitted in the NIC II, is certain. Note also that the interlinear sign similar to an l appearing under the element ve of l. A5 (not noted in the NIC II) is found between the syllables nu and va.
^A7 ti ◇ gi P • The word is not legible on EFEO estampages n.1398 (the one used by S. Pou) and n. **** [Dam Chhoeurn] (only the right part of the grapheme remains). — ^A7 thbe ◇ thve P — ^A7 mr̥takadhana| ◇ mr̥taka man P
^A8 thbe ◇ thve P
^A9 prastha ◇ praṣtha P
^A11 Añ·| ◇ Añ P — ^A11 pratyaya ◇ pratya P
^A13 kamrateṅ ◇ kaṁmrateṅ P
^A14 parameśvara| ◇ parameśvara P
^A15 thbe ◇ thve P • The writting of this b is different from that of the thbe of l. A7 and l. A8.
^A16 (ja)nārddana ◇ janārdana ; janāṅ dāna P • The NIC II interpreted the mark of the above r as an extension of the vowel (ā), and the first d as a ṅ. In fact, only the syllable read here ja is of dubious interpretation. — ^A16 cik su bh(ega) ◇ cikṣubhe ; cikṣu [...] P • Perhaps it is necessary to read - or correct with - o the vowel read here e: cf. the o of cralo, in l. A23.
^A17 ⟨⟨sre sru srāl·⟩⟩ ◇ [...] P • G. Gerschheimer notices this addition below the l. A17. However what he interprets to be a final daṇḍa potentially crossed, appears to be a mark destined to indicate where in the line to add this ricefield. — ^A17 kantāl· va(sa/la) ◇ kandāl vas ; kantāl sras sre [...] P • It seems there is a confusion in NIC II with the words of the interlinear addition.
^A18 rat· I| ◇ rat· I P — ^A18 Anuktāgama ◇ Anuttarāgama P
^A22 vrihi ◇ vrīhi P
^A23 cralo • The writting of the o is distinct from that of the o of, for example, khloñ as from that of the o of gho (l. 18), and approximates that of an au.
^B1 (lṅo) [.]au [vvaṁ jā pi svatan](tra) ◇ [...] P
^B6 thbe ◇ thve P
^B8 va kula (d)ai [2×] ◇ [...] P
^B10 lṅo ◇ lṅau P

Translation into French by Pou 2001

^A1Succès, bonheur ! Oṁ, hommage à Śiva !

^A2-A10En 854 śaka, Mrateñ Vaktraśiva Dulau, chargé du service de V.K.A. Parameśvara, se prosterne pour informer le roi des terres et de leurs ressources à -----, achetées de Vāp Śiveśvara, Khloñ ; des divers moyens de subsistance, serviteurs et autres biens ; des rizières que Vāp Śiveśvara avait cultivées ; des rizières sans propriétaires et des rizières d’héritage qu’il demande humblement à cultiver [dorénavant]. Fournitures au dieu Parameśvara : 1 prastha de riz par jour.

^A10-A16Sa Majesté notre seigneur daigna donner l’ordre de commander à un homme de confiance de venir ériger une inscription en [ce] village, de planter des bornes à l’endroit des rizières à octroyer à Mrateñ Vaktraśiva Dulau chargé de V.K.A. Parameśvara, en mentionnant les moyens de subsistance et autres biens, et en prescrivant des prestations à fournir à V.K.A. Parameśvara.

^A16-A23Voici les rizières : Janāṅ Dāna, Cikṣu, ------, Kadamva, Phle Sruk, Kantāl Sras, et ------ ; et les serviteurs : 4 gho, 1 rat, 5 tai avec 3 enfants ; [enfin] 4 bœufs, 4 buffles. Bienvenue et succès aux excellents visiteurs ! D’après l’ordre du roi, que [tout cela] soit désormais utilisé pour le service de V.K.A. Parameśvara. Les ressources de ces terres ne dépendront point du responsable du riz, ni du responsable des bureaux de perception, ni -------

Commentary

Except from when I indicate it, most of the note in the apparatus where made by G. Gerschheimer.

Bibliography

First edited in French by Saveros Pou (2001: pages 99–101). Re-edited here, first by Gerdi Gerschheimer, then by Salomé Pichon based on EFEO estampage n. 1396, n. **** [Dam Chhoeurn] and two photographs of the stone sent by Bertrand Porte.

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