Tiruppāmpuram, Cēṣapurīśvara temple, time of Tribhuvana Vīra, year 35

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2024-05-09Z

Editors:   Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis.

DHARMA Identifier: INSTamilNadu00018

Summary: Grant of privileges and honours (place of honour during temple service, temple service charge) to Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam, a temple woman (tēvaraṭiyār), in return for her donations.

Hand Description:

Additional Metadata

No metadata were provided in the table for this inscription

Edition

1(svasti śrī)

(maturaiyum Īḻamum karuvūrum pāṇṭiyaṉ muṭi-t-talai)yuṅ koṇṭu vīrā-Api(ṣekamum vi)jayā-Apiṣ⟨e⟩kamum paṇṇi-Aruḷi¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a śrī-tirupu-vaṉa-vīra-tēvarkku yāṇṭu mu-p-patt-añc-āvatu taṉu-nāyaṟṟu pūrva-pakṣa(t)tu nāyaṟṟu-kiḻamaiyum saptamiyum


2[3+] kōyil Āti-caṇṭēśvara-tēvar tēvar-kaṉmikaḷōm Ik-kōyil tēvaraṭiyāril Uṭaiyavaḷ-āṉa nāṟ-patt-eṇṇ-āyira-māṇikkam Iṉ-ṉāya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ār kōyilukku tiru-vācura-nāya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩āraiyum periya tēvaraiyum n(ācciyāraiyum) [7+] (I)-
3ṟ(ai)-y-ili-yum ceytu tiru-k-kaṟṟaḷi [.]e [9+] peṟṟimaiyil

  • Ik-kōyil tiru-v-eḻucciyil A[1+]kaṭicaṟkak muṟaiyum
  • tiru-vēṭṭaiyil muttaṭaiyum
  • tiru-mārkaḻi tiru-v-ātirai tiru-¿A?⟨vem⟩mpāvai Eḻuppu-p-pāvaiyum
[6+]
4[3+] vaṟkkatāṟkum Ik-kōyil [6+] tēvar-kaṉmikaḷōm

  • Ivai kōyil-kaṇakku mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟuva-p-piriyaṉ Eḻuttu
  • Ivai cī-kāriyam teṉṉavaṉ mū-vēṉta-vēḷāṉ Eḻuttu
  • Ivai śrī-māhēśvara-k-kaṇkāṇi koṇṭāṉ Eḻuttu
  • [3+] Ivai tēvakaṉmam mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟuva-paṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu
  • Ivai pālaṟāvāyaṉ Eḻuttu|
  • Ivai Amu(taṉ) campaṉtaṉ Eḻuttu|

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

1Prosperity! Fortune!

1Thirty-fifth year of the glorious king Tribhuvana Vīra↓1, who, having taken Maturai, Īḻam, Karuvūr and the crowned head of the Pāṇḍya, graciously performed the heroic anointment and the victorious anointment, month of Taṉu↓2, first forthnight, a Sunday, [tithi] seven.

2-5We, the temple officers/servants [of] the god Āticaṇṭēśvara [of] the temple [...], in reason of the greatness (peṟṟimaiyil) that Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam alias Uṭaiyavaḷ, one among the god’s devotees (tēvaraṭiyār↓3) of this temple, [showed in favour of] the glorious stone temple, by [installing] Tiruvācuranāyaṉār, Periya Tēvar, and Nācciyār for the temple of this Lord and by making tax-free [...]↓4, [We have granted her] and those in her lineage (vaṟkkatāṟkum)

  • a turn (muṟai) ... (A[+]kaṭicaṟkak ) at the time of tiruveḻucci↓5
  • a ... (muttaṭai) at the time of the glorious hunt (tiruvēṭṭai)↓6,
  • the [charge of] rousing lady (eḻuppu-p-pāvai) [chanting] the Tiruvempāvai (tiru-¿A?⟨vem⟩mpāvai)[at the time of] Tiruvātirai [festival in the month] of glorious Mārkaḻi,
We, the temple officers/servants [of] this temple.

5

  • These are the signature of Muṉṉūṟṟuvappiriyaṉ, the temple accountant.
  • These are the signature of ...
  • These are the signature of ...
  • These are the signature of ...
  • These are the signature of ...
  • These are the signature of ...

Commentary

According to ARIE 1910-1911, the same Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam is also mentioned in ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/92, which records a "sale of land to the temple for the worship of Periya Tēvar and Nācciyār, set up therein by a dancing girl."

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1910-1911 (ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/94).

Edited in Patmāvati 1979 (NK 134).

Translated in Orr 2000: pages 18–19.

Digitally encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Renato Davalos (2023), based on Patmāvati 1979, and translated by Renato Davalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).

Primary

Patmāvati, Ā., ed. 1979. Naṉṉilam kalveṭṭukkaḷ: mutal tokuti. Tamiḻnāṭṭu kalvetṭukaḷ 12. Ceṉṉai: Tamiḻnāṭu Aracu Tolporuḷ Āyvuttuṟai.
№ 134. [siglum P]

Secondary

ARIE 1910-1911. Page 38, appendix C/1910–1911, № 94.
Orr, Leslie C. 2000. Donors, Devotees, and Daughters of God, Temple Women in Medieval Tamilnadu. New York: Oxford University Press.


Notes

↑1. That is, Kulottuṅga III. Orr 2000 (p. 19) dates this record to 1213 CE, but incorrectly locates it at the Kālahastīśvara temple in Tirumpampuram. The Kālahastīśvara temple is in fact in Kuḷikkarai. See ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/82-84.
↑2. Sanskrit Dhanu.
↑3. That is, a temple women, according to Orr 2000’s definition (see pp. 52ff.).
↑4. That is, Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam set up image of these deities in this temple and also made tax-free land endowments. See Orr 2000 (p. 18).
↑5. That is, "a position (muṟai) when worship is offered at the early morning service (tiruveḻucci)" according to Orr 2000 (p. 18). The term muṟai maybe more properly designates a turn, that is, a time-slot for a temple service provided in turns by several officiants.
↑6. That is, "a senior (?) place at the hunting festival (tiruveṭṭai)" according to Orr 2000 (p. 18).