Tiruviṭaimarutūr, Mahāliṅgasvāmin, time of Parakesarivarman, year 7

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2024-09-06Z

Editor:   Renato Dávalos.

DHARMA Identifier: INSSII1900181

Summary: A lacunose inscription, seemingly a recapitulative inscription, listing several endowments: an undated hereditary land endowment for singing (tēci pāṭu) before the Lord Tiruviṭaimarutuṭaiyār at the time of devotees’ assembly in front of the god (tiruvōlakkam) and another land endowment dated to the seventh regnal year of Parakesarivarman to various gods in Tiruviṭaimarutūr.

Hand Description:


Additional Metadata

No metadata were provided in the table for this inscription

Edition

Fragment 1

[unknown number of lines lost]

1[8+ tiru]-viṭai-(marut-u)ṭaiyār śrī-kāryam (ceyyum A)tikārikaḷ maturānta[ka-mu]vēnta-vēḷārum tiru-viṭai-marut-uṭaiyār tēva-ka-
2[ṉmi 8+]

sabhai [10+ na]m pirāṭtiyār [4+] mā-bha¡(ṭ)!⟨ṭṭ⟩ā(raki)yār[k]k’ āy tiru-viṭai-marut-uṭaiyā(rk)ku kaṇkāṇi-kaṇakku Uṭaiya nampi na[...]


3[10+] (y)ār kōyilil [4+] k-kūṭattē-y Iruntu Uṭaiyār tiru-v-ōlakkam āy Irukka-t tēci-y pāṭum kāśyapaṉ kaṇṭa (ni) [10+] Eḻupaṇai-tēva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ukku


4 Ivaṉ tēci-y-(p p)āṭa tēci-y pāṭuvaṟku muṉ kal-veṭṭiṉa nilam vēli¿p?⟨y⟩um

Ivaṉ Eḻupaṇai-tēvaṉukkum Ivaṉ Anvayattār⟨k⟩kum
5vaḻi vaḻi candrāditta-val Ivaṉukku vēli nilam nivan=tam ceytu kuṭukka v-eṉṟu Ēvalāl Ivaṉukku nivantañ ceyta nilam āvatu Uṭaiyār tēva-tā-
6ṉam vēṇṇāṭu (viḷa)ṅkuṭi-c cōṟ-uṭaiyāṉ patta(r) uḷ(ḷi)ṭṭa vēliyum

In-nilam vēliyum Ivaṉ ātal Ivaṉ Anvayattār Ātal Oruvaṉē-y tēci-y pāṭiyu

[unknown number of lines lost]

Fragment 2

[unknown number of lines lost]

1nalluḻān [6+] (vilai) koṇṭa mu¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ṟu māvum i⟨v⟩-vūr Ivaṉai-c cukku [5+] m nāṉ vilai koṇṭ-uṭaiya Iru-vēli-c ceyyum tiru-viṭai-marutil śrī-mūla-sthā[na ...]
2Iv-vūr nā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ Eṭuppitta śrī-kōyil (paṭṭar)kaḷukkum Āka-k kuṭuttē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ |

kō-p-parakesaripaṉmaṟki yāṇṭu Eḻ-ā{tu}vatu ṉā(ḷ) vaiykal sabhaiyār iṭaiya nāṉ Iṟai-kāval Uṭaiya para [...]-
3(kuḷa)kkālil (aṭai)

matirai-koṇṭa kō-p-parakesaripaṉmaṟkki yāṇṭu 3 10-t-āvatu veṇṇāṭṭu brahmadeyam vai(y)kalil sabhaiyōm tiru-v¿u?⟨i⟩ṭai-marutil perumā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-aṭikaḷukku O [...]
4[5+ pa]ric’ āvatu

tiru-viṭai-marutil talai-k-kōli(kkun) tiru-vi(ṭai)-maruti(l) mahā-deva(rkku)m tiru-viṭai-marutil talai-k-kōli-viṇṇakar viṣṇukkaḷukkum (Āka) nakka¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ talai-[k-kōli...]-
5m Iru-vēli (nilam) mu-p-patām Āṇṭi¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ ki(ḻ) [6+] ttāl Ivv-iru-vēli nilattukkum Iṟaiyum E-c-cōṟum kāttu-k kuṭuppōm āṉōm

Ivv-ūr iṭu vari-p-pāṭum (kā)ttu-k kuṭuppō[m āṉōm]
6[...] lattayalum vaikal sabhaiyōm

In-nilam [4+] Eppēṟppaṭṭa Ūr iṭu vari-p-pāṭum kāttu-k kuṭuppōm āṉōm

Ivv-ōlai mēl paṭṭa paricē kallil veṭṭi-k-koḷḷa-p peṟuvat’ ā[kavum]


7[...] ṇai y-aṟuttār paṭum taṇṭi-p-paṭa Oṭṭi Iṭṭu-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

sabhai paṇikka Eḻ¿a?⟨u⟩ti¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ēṉ maddhyasthan· nārāyaṇa¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ nakka¡n!⟨ṉ⟩¡n!⟨ṉ⟩

Ivai-y e¡nn!⟨ṉ⟩ Eḻuttu |

Ip-paṭi-y aṟivē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ kamutuva[ṉ ...]
8(Ō)lai Eḻutiyā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩um Aṟivēṉ Āttiraiyaṉ nila¡n!⟨ñ⟩ ca¡ṉ!⟨n⟩tira-cēkara¡n!⟨ṉ⟩¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ Ip-paṭi-y aṟiv(ē)¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ kārttiya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ perumāṉ śrī-(dha)ran-ē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ Iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ colla Eḻutiyā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩um Aṟiv¡e!⟨ē⟩ṉ kamutuvaṉ nā

[unknown number of lines lost]

Apparatus

Fragment 1

1 [8+tiru]viṭai(marutu)ṭaiyār[10+] viṭai(marutu)ṭaiyār SII19; [3+] ṭaiyār SII231 śrīkāryam (ceyyum)śrīkāryam (ceyyum) SII19; śrīkāryam [3+] SII231 maturānta[kamu]vēntavēḷārummaturānta[2+]ventaveḷārum SII19; maturāntakamuventaveḷārum SII231–2 tēvaka/[ṉmi 8+] sabhaitevaka/[10+] sabhai SII19; tevaka /sabhai SII23
3 tēciy pāṭum SII19; tēciy pāṭṭum SII23 • Alternatively one could also read tēciya pāṭum.
6 pāṭiyu SII19 SII23 SII19 notes: "The continuation of this is lost in a gap of portions of lines 7-14."

Fragment 2

1 nalluḻān SII19; nalluḻ(ā)n SII231 [6+] (vilai) koṇṭa SII19; [6+] koṇṭa SII231 i⟨v⟩vūr Ivaṉaic cukku [5+] m SII19; [5+] ṉaiccu kura [3+] lum SII231 vilai koṇṭuṭaiya SII19; vilai koṇṭa [3+] SII23
2 śrīkōyil (paṭṭar)kaḷukkum SII19; śrīkōyilkaḷukku SII232 Ākak kuṭuttē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩Ākak kuṭutten SII19; [3+] kuṭutten SII23
5 kāttukkātatuk SII19

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

Fragment 1

1-2 [...] Maturāntaka Muvēnta Vēḷār, the superintendent (aṭikārikaḷ) who does the sacred service (śrīkāryam ceyyum) [for] the Lord of Tiruviṭaimarutu, and the manager (tēvakaṉmi) [of the temple] of the Lord of Tiruviṭaimarutu [...]

2-3 the assembly [...] the queen, the great goddess (mābhaṭṭārakiyar) [...]

3 for Eḻupaṇai Tēvaṉ [...] Kaśyapan Kaṇṭa, singer of folk songs (tēciy pāṭum) while sitting at the assembly hall (tiruvōlakkam) of the Lord dwelling in the shrine [...] in the temple of the Lord [of Tiruviṭaimarutu ...]

4 the vēli of land for Eḻupaṇai Tēvaṉ that was previously inscribed on stone for singing tēci [songs] performed [during the dance] of tēci.

4-6 the accountant who oversees [the temple of] the Mahādeva [of the Mūlasthāṉam temple at] Tiruviṭaimarutūr↓1 [...], accountant who oversees the temple of the Lord of Tiruviṭaimarutūr for the goddess () Bhaṭṭaraki [...] queen of [...] assembly hall [...].

Fragment 2

1-2 ... I have given this for the the Brahmans (paṭṭarkaḷukkum) of the temple which I have built in this village [...]

2-3 At the time of the seventh year of the king Parakesarivarman, ...

3-4 Thirtieth year of the king Parakesarivarman, who took Maturai, [...], this is the manner in which we, the members of the assembly of Vaikal, a brahmadeya in Veṇṇāṭu [...]

4-5 So that there be for Talaikkōli in Tiruviṭaimarutu, for the Mahādeva [of the Mūlasthāṉam] at Tiruviṭaimarutu, and for [the shrine called] Talaikkōli-Viṇṇakar in Tiruviṭaimarutu↓2, two vēlis of lands [...] Nakkaṉ Talaikkōli, We have become those who will ensure the giving of the tax that comes out of these two vēlis of land [... which was given] in the 30th year [of Parāntaka I]↓3 and of the obligatory supply of free food (eccōṟu kāttu)↓4

5-6 We have become those who will ensure the giving ..., We, the members of the assembly ...

5-6 We have become those who will ensure the giving ...

6 They should obtain to engrave [this] on stone in the manner it is on this palm-leaf.

7 We, members of the assembly of Vaikal, have agreed and issued (oṭṭi iṭṭu-k kuṭuttōm) so as to fine/punish (taṇṭippaṭa) those wh cut (aṟuttār) [...]

7 A the assembly ordered, I, Nārāyaṇaṉ Nakkaṉ, the madhyastha, have written [this].

7 This is my writing.

7-8 In this manner, I know ...

Commentary

The status of this inscription is not clear from the editions available. It appears that a single record has received by mistake two ARIE numbers. SII 19.181 is the edition of ARIE/1907-1908/B/1907/234, whereas SII 23.233 is the edition of ARIE/1907-1908/B/1907/233, but the 6 + 2 lines of the latter correspond to lines 1-8 of the former. Srinivasa Rao, Sircar, and Gai 1967 note ad SII 19.181: "This together with No. 233 of 1907 seems to form a single inscription with some portions lost, and hence with gaps in the continuity of lines." Srinivasa Rao 1979 notes ad SII 23.233: "This seems to be part of a bigger inscription, evidently No. 234, of which the beginning is lost. being also damaged the sequence is not clear after the first six lines." In Srinivasa Rao 1979, no text is published for SII 23.234, and the reader is redirected to SII 19.181.

All the lines in fragment 2 are evidently lacunose at their ends, even though not indicated in Srinivasa Rao, Sircar, and Gai 1967.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1934-1935 (ARIE/1907-1908/B/1907/233 and ARIE/1907-1908/B/1907/234).

Fragment 1 edited in Srinivasa Rao, Sircar, and Gai 1967 (SII 19.181, lines 1-6). Re-edited in Srinivasa Rao 1979 (SII 23.233, lines 1-6).

Fragment 2 first edited in Srinivasa Rao, Sircar, and Gai 1967 (SII 19.181, lines 7-14). First two lines re-edited in Srinivasa Rao 1979 (SII 23.233, supplementary lines 1-2).

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on previous editions. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).

Primary

Srinivasa Rao, G.V., Dines Chandra Sircar & G.S. Gai. 1967. South-Indian Inscriptions. Volume XIX: Inscriptions of Parakesarivarman. South Indian Inscriptions 19. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications).
Pages 92–93, № 181. [siglum SII19]
Srinivasa Rao, G.V. 1979. South Indian Inscriptions. Volume XXIII:  Inscriptions Collected during the Year 1906-07. South Indian Inscriptions 23. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director-General).
Pages 164–165, № 233. [siglum SII23]

Secondary

ARIE 1907-1908. Page 20, appendix B/1907, № 233–234.

Notes

↑1. Tiruviṭaimarutil Mahādeva is the name of the deity in the shrine. It already appears in earlier inscriptions such as SII 5.719 (dated to 931 CE) and SII 23.262 (dated to 925 CE).
↑2. The title talaikkōli is given to someone who stands out in music. It appears already in SII 23.233 (dated to 907 CE, some seventy years before the present record), which records that a certain Taliccēri Tēvaṉār receives nine s of land.
↑3. Probably refers to the endowment of two vēlis that is recorded in SII 23.258. Here, the land was used (āṉa?) for a garden of vañci flowers (vañcittōṭṭam).
↑4. PI 342.4 reads eccōṟu kūṟṟu, probably with the same meaning of ensuring (kāttu) that free food (eccōṟu) is given to devotees during the time of the festival.