Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, Ādhipurīśvara, time of Rājakesarivarman Rājādhirāja Cōḻa, year 9

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2024-09-06Z

Editors:   Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis.

DHARMA Identifier: INSSII0501358

Summary: Land-purchase for donation.

Hand Description:

No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō.

Additional Metadata

No metadata were provided in the table for this inscription

Edition

1svasti śrī

Anuṣṭubh
vyakr(ī)ṇāc chata-viṃśati
kāśais somasya vṛṣalasya
vaṭuka-mah[4+]
[5+ vā]reśa(ḥ) |

kō-v-irācakecari-paṉmar-āṉa tribhuvaṉa-c-cakkaravart(ti)kaḷ śrī-rājādhirāja-devarkku yāṇṭu Oṉpat-āvatu

jayaṅ-koṇṭacōḻa-maṇṭalattu-p puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu
2Uṭaiyār tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār kōyilil

  • maṭam-uṭaiya caturāṉaṉa-paṇṭitaṉum
  • śrīmāhe[10+]ṭāṉum
  • śrī-kā(ri)yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum
  • cōmacittāntam vakkāṇikkum vāgīśvara-paṇṭitaṉum
  • kālum piṭāruñ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭā(ra)ṉu-
    3n
  • tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉuṅ
  • kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉum
  • kōyiṟ-kaṇakku-t tiru[4+]
[tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-u]ṭ[ai]yār tiru-p-paṅk¡ū!⟨u⟩ṉi-y-utt¡i!⟨a⟩rattu Āṟān tirunāḷ-āṉa putaṉ-kiḻamai(yu)m Ēkātaciyum peṟṟa Āyil¡ai!⟨i⟩yatti ṉ(ā)ṉṟu
  • paṭampakka-nāyaka-tēvar tirumakiḻiṉ kīṭ tiruvōlakkañ ceyt’ eḻuntaru-
    4ḷi y-iruntu Āḷuṭaiya-nampi śrī-purāṇaṅ kēṭṭ’ aruḷā niṟka
  • Uṭaiyār tēvatāṉam vaṭuka-p perum-pāk=kattu-k= kāṇi [10+] y-eṉṟu viṇṇappañ ceyya
  • namm-¡u!⟨ū⟩rkaḷil I(ra)ṇaiyūr Amuta(ṅ) kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ cōmaṉuk=ku-t taṇṭ¡i!⟨ī⟩caṉ vilai-y-āka viṟṟu-k kāṇi-y-āka-k koṭukka v-eṉṟu tiruvāymoḻi-
    5ntaruḷa
Ivv-ūrkku-k kāṇi-vilai Aṉṟāṭu naṟ-kācu nūṟṟ’ irupatum śrī-paṇṭāratt’ oṭukku-k koṇṭu Ivv-[iraṇaiyūr amutaṅ ki]ḻavaṉ periyāṉ cōma¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ukku śrī-paṇṭāratt’ iṟai y-iṟukkavum

Iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ukkum ivaṉ vaṃśattārkkum viṟṟoṟṟi-pr¿i?⟨a⟩tikrayattukk’ uritt’ āvat’ āka viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm

  • Ip-paṭikku Ivai ma-
    6ṭam-uṭaiya caturā¡nan!⟨ṉaṉ⟩a-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu |
  • Ip-paṭikku Ivai tiru-vīti-vēyiṭaṅ-koṇṭāṉ Eḻuttu |
  • [śrī-kāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa]ṉ Eḻuttu |
  • Ip-paṭikku Ivai cōma-cittāntam vakkāṇikkum vāgīśvara-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu |
  • Ip-paṭikku Ivai kālum piṭārañ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭāraṉ Eḻuttu |
  • Ip-paṭi-k-
    7ku Ivai tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉ Eḻuttu |
  • Ip-paṭikku Ivai kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu |
  • [10+](ṉ U)ṟavākkiṉāṉ Eḻuttu |

Apparatus

1 vyakr(ī)ṇāc ◇ vyakrīṇāc SII • Probably hidden by cement between blocks. — 1 [vā]reśa(ḥ) ◇ [3+]raśaḥ SII • The medial e is clear on the photographic documentation. See vāreśaś caturānano in SII 5, no. 1360.
2 śrīmāhe[10+]ṭāṉum ◇ SII • The lacuna here can be filled in, at least partially, from tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ (line 6).
3 tiruvoṟṟiyūrp piccaṉuṅ ◇ tiruvoṟṟiyūr(p) piccaṉuṅ SII — 3 tiru[4+ tiruvoṟṟiyūru]ṭ[ai]yār ◇ tiru[10+]ṭayār SII • The remaining gap might have contained the personal name of the temple accountant, unless the restoration voṟṟiyūru fills up entirely the gap, which seems unlikely since we miss 9 syllables in line 1 to make the anuṣṭubh complete. — 3 ṉ(ā)ṉṟu ◇ ṉaṉṟu SII — 3 kīṭ ◇ kiṭ SII • This is possibly to be emended to kīḻ. — 3 kēṭṭ’ aruḷā ◇ keṭṭaruḷā SII
4 kāṇiyākak ◇ kāṇiyākaka SII
5 nūṟṟ’ irupatum ◇ nūṟṟiru(pa)tum SII — 5 Ivv[iraṇaiyūr amutaṅ ki]ḻavaṉ periyāṉ ◇ Ivva [10+] ḻavaṉ SII • See I(ra)ṇaiyūr Amuta(ṅ) kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ (line 4). — 5 pr¿i?⟨a⟩tikrayattukk’ uritt’ āvat’ āka ◇ pritikrayattuk kurittāvatāka SII • See pratikraya in other inscriptions from Tiruvoṟṟiyūr itself.
6 tiruvīti° ◇ tiruviti° SII — 6 [śrīkāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa]ṉ ◇ [11+]ṉ Eḻuttu SII • The lacuna here can be filled in from śrīkā(ri)yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum (line 2).

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

1 Prosperity! Fortune!

I.
The committee chief (vāreśa) [...] bought (vyakrīṇāt) for one hundred twenty gold coins (kāśais↓1) [a land in] Vaṭukamah[...]↓2 from the student (vṛṣala) Soma.

1 Ninth year of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious king Rājādhirāja, alias the king Rājakesarivarman.

1-5 In the temple of the Lord, the Lord of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr (tiruvoṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār), in the Puḻaṟkōṭṭam within the Jayaṅkoṇṭacōlamaṇṭalam,

  • Cāturāṉaṉa Paṇḍita, the head of the maṭha (maṭam-uṭaiyār↓3),
  • the glorious [...] (śrī-māhe ... ṭāṉum),
  • Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs (śrī-kāryam),
  • Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of (vakkāṇikkum) the cōmacittāntam↓4,
  • Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ↓5,
  • Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ,
  • Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ↓6, the kōyil nāyakam↓7,
  • the temple accountant (kōyil kāṇakku) [...],
[these people↓8,]
  • while, at the time (nāṉṟu) of āyiliyam↓9, which coincides with (peṟṟa↓10) a Wednesday and the eleventh day (ēkātāci↓11), that is, the sixth day of the holy festival of Paṅkuṉi of the Lord of [Tiruvoṟṟiyūr ...],holding a glorious assembly (tiruvōlakkañ ceytu) to the east (kīṭ↓12) of the holy makiḻ tree [of the temple?] of Paṭampakkanāyakam↓13, graciously appearing and sitting (eḻuntaruḷi yiruntu), they were graciously keeping listening (kēṭṭu aruḷā niṟka) to [the recitation] of the Śrīpurāṇam of Āḷuṭaiya Nampi↓14,
  • whereas they made a petition (viṇṇappañ ceyya) asking (eṉṟu) that a landed property (kāṇi) in Vaṭukapperumpākkam, a devadāna of this Lord, [should be given],
  • whereas Amutaṅ Kiḻavaṉ Periyāṉ of Iraṇaiyūr, [one] among our villages, graciously uttered (tiruvāymoḻintaruḷa) thus: “Let it be [thus] given as a landed property (kāṇi) after purchasing it as a price [got from] Taṇṭīcaṉ↓15 for Cōmaṉ!”,
having taken (koṇṭu) ... (oṭukku) from the temple treasury (paṇṭārattu) one hundred twenty current coins (aṉṟāṭu naṟ-kācu) as the price for the landed property for this village, let it be that this [Amutaṅ Ki]ḻavaṉ Periyāṉ [of Iraṇaiyūr] should pay taxes (iṟai iṟukkavum) in the temple treasury for Cōmaṉ.

5 We made a donation after purchasing so that there be possession (urittu?) of a sale-deed (pratikrayattukku?), ... (viṟṟoṟṟu), for him and those in his lineage.

5-7

  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Caturānana Paṇḍita, the head of the maṭha.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs].
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of the cōmacittāntam.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ, the kōyil nāyakam.
  • In this manner, this is the signature [of] ... Uṟuvākkiṉāṉ.

Commentary

This inscription is engraved on the east wall of the second prākāra: its left portion is presently inside the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra; the next portion is covered by the south wall of the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra; the right portion is outside on the open air, as this portion of the east wall of the second prākāra is not encompassed in the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1896-1897 (ARIE/1896-1897/A/1896/403).

Edited in Krishna Sastri 1925 (SII 5.1358).

Partially edited online by துரை. சுந்தரம் in கொங்கு கல்வெட்டு ஆய்வு (accessed 2024-02-15).

This revised edition by Renato Davalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024) based on photos (E. Francis, 2019; E. Francis, 2024).

Primary

Krishna Sastri, H. 1925. South-Indian Inscriptions (Texts). Volume V: Miscellaneous Inscriptions from the Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada Countries. South Indian Inscriptions 5. Madras: Government Press.
Page 494, № 1358. [siglum SII]

Secondary

ARIE 1896-1897. Page 5, appendix A/1896, № 403.
Folk, Michelle L. 2013. “Ascetics, Devotees, Disciples and Lords of the Maṭam: Monasteries in Medieval Tamilnadu.” Ph.D. Thesis, Montreal: Concordia University. [https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977603/].

Veluppillai, Uthaya. 2013. “Cikāḻi : Hymnes, Héros, Histoire. Rayonnement d’un Lieu Saint Shivaïte Au Pays Tamoul.” These de doctorat, Paris: Paris 3. [https://www.theses.fr/2013PA030051].


Notes

↑1. Sanskrit kāśa is used here as equivalent to Tamil kācu.
↑2. Obviously the rendering in Sanskrit of the village name Vaṭukapperumpākkam mentioned in the Tamil portion of this inscription.
↑3. For the various responsibilities that the maṭamuṭaiyār could have had see Folk 2013: page 74ff..
↑4. That is, Somasiddhānta, the doctrine of the Kapālikas, which would mean that we are dealing with a transaction made by such group, further supported by the fact that the seller has the initiatory name Cōmaṉ/Soma, one of the markers of the Kapālika communities.
↑5. The term piṭāraṉ may here mean simply spiritual preceptor.
↑6. That is, the priest (paṭṭaṉ) of the temple of Paṭampakkanāyakam?
↑7. That is, temple officer or chief trustee.
↑8. These eight persons reappear as signatories, in the same order, at the end of the record, which helps restoring the lacunae here above and there below.
↑9. That is, Sanskrit āśleṣa, the 9th nakṣatra.
↑10. Literally, "which got".
↑11. That is, Sanskrit ekādaśī, the 11th tithi (lunar day).
↑12. That is, kīḻ?
↑13. This was later named the shrine of god Gaulīśa, which pertains to the Śaiva Atimārga I of Lakulīśa [add reference!].
↑14. That is, Cuntarar, according to Folk 2013: page 39, note 36. Contra, see Veluppillai 2013: page 164, note 55.
↑15. That is, Caṇḍeśa.