Mēlaccēri, Śikharipallaveśvara rock-cut cave, pillar, foundation

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2024-04-22Z

Editor:   Emmanuel Francis.

DHARMA Identifier: INSPallava00249

Summary: Foundation of the Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara, at Siṅhapura, by Candrāditya

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    Edition

    Āryā
    1kāritam idan nṛpatinā 2candrādityena sarvva-nā(the)na
    3śrī-śikhari-pallaveśvaram iti 4śaivan dhāma siṅhapure

    Apparatus

    2 (nāthe)nanā(the)na VVA
    4 dhāmadhā(ma) VVA

    Translation by Srinivasan 1964

    This home of Śiva named Śrī-śikhari-pallaveśvaram, was caused to be made at Siṁhapura (Ciṅkavaram) by king Candrāditya who was a sarvanātha.

    Text standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG.

    Translation into French by Sylvain Brocquet

    Le roi Candrāditya, maître de l’univers, fit construire

    Cette demeure de Śiva, appelée Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara, à Siṁhapura (siṅhapure).

    Commentary

    2 The founder Candrāditya has not been identified with certainty. He could be a Pallava prince, not known from other sources. According to Srinivasan 1964: page 118 he might be a Cāḷukya prince, contemporary of the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman II Māmalla, who was the son of Pulakeśin and is known from records of his queen Vijayamahādevī. Srinivasan 1964 notes that Vijayamahādevī is known as Pōtti, the feminine of Pōttaṉ, that is, Pallava, and suggests that she was a Pallava princess. This would explain how her husband, a Cāḷukya prince, could have founded a rock-cut cave in the Pallava realm. However, Nagaswamy 1982: page 188 considers that the cave was founded by a Pallava king, as the name Pallava is included in the name of the foundation and as Pallava kings had birudas ending with the term āditya.

    3 The name Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara might be translated as “The glorious [temple] of the Lord of the Pallava Śikharin." Śikharin (literally “peaked” or “mountain”) appears to be the biruda (gloryfying soubriquet) of an unidentified Pallava king, meaning “eminent." This is its only attestattion. Alternatively, one could also translated “The glorious [temple] of the Lord of the Pallava [founded by] Śikharin." In that case Śikharin would be a biruda of the founder Candrāditya."

    4 The placename Siṁhapura (“The city of the lion”) is reflected in that of the nearby village Ciṅkavaram.

    Bibliography

    First tentatively edited and translated into French and into English by Jouveau-Dubreuil 1916–1917 and Jouveau-Dubreuil 1916 with facsimile; edited by Venkatasubba Ayyar 1943 with facsimile (SII 12, no. 115; text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP no. 249); edited and translated into French by Brocquet 1997 (B no. 68); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on facsimile published in Venkatasubba Ayyar 1943 and photographs (2008).

    Primary

    Jouveau-Dubreuil, Gabriel. 1916. Pallava Antiquities: Vol. I. 1. London: Probsthain.
    Pages 65–66, plate XXXII (facing page 65). [siglum GJD1]
    Jouveau-Dubreuil, Gabriel. 1916–1917. “Les Antiquités de l’époque Pallava.” Revue historique de l’Inde française 1: 5–76.
    Pages 63–65, plate XXXII (facing page 61). [siglum GJD2]
    Venkatasubba Ayyar, V. 1943. South Indian Inscriptions. Volume XII: The Pallavas (with Introductory Notes in English). South Indian Inscriptions 12. Madras: Government Press.
    № 115, page 54, plate V (facing page 17). [siglum VVA]
    Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan.
    № 249, page 623. [siglum IP]
    Brocquet, Sylvain. 1997. “Les inscriptions sanskrites des Pallava : poésie, rituel, idéologie.” Thèse de doctorat, Paris: Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle.
    № 68, page 776. [siglum SB]

    Secondary

    ARIE 1915-1916. Page 92, appendix C/1916, № 284. [siglum ARIE 1915-1916]
    Srinivasan, K. R. 1964. Cave-Temples of the Pallavas. Architectural Survey of Temples 1. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India.
    Pages 116–118.
    Nagaswamy, R. 1982. Tantric Cult of South India. Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.


    Notes