Mahābalipuram, Kōṭikal Maṇḍapa, Biruda

Metadata

Current Version:  draft, 2024-04-22Z

Editor:   Emmanuel Francis.

DHARMA Identifier: INSPallava00061

Summary: A biruda.

Hand Description:


Additional Metadata

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Origin:

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    Corresponding Artefact:

    Layout:

    Edition

    1śrī-vāmā(ṁ)kuśaḥ

    Apparatus

    1 śrī-vāmā(ṁ)kuśaḥ Hultzsch 1909–1910: page 8, note 1 notes that the anusvāra is doubtful. It does not indeed appear clearly on the facsimile published in Hultzsch 1909–1910: page 8, № 19. In situ, it seems to be above the letter ku. • The visarga is clear in situ. Brocquet 1997: page 586, note 1056 reads śrī-vāmāṅkuśa and notes that this should be analysed as a Vocative form.

    Translation by Emmanuel Francis

    The glorious hook of Vāma (Śiva).

    or

    The glorious one whose hook is splendid/terrible/cruel.

    or

    The glorious pleasant hook.

    Translation into French by Sylvain Brocquet and Emmanuel Francis

    Le glorieux croc de Vāma (Śiva).

    ou

    Le glorieux au croc splendide/terrible/cruel.

    ou

    Le glorieux aimable croc.

    Translation by Hultzsch 1909-1910

    The glorious Vāmāṅkuśa (bearer of handsome elephant-goad).

    Commentary

    The inscription -- the only one on the monument bearing it -- consists in what appears to be a biruda, “gloryfying soubriquet”. Although Pallava kings have had hundreds of their birudas engraved on their monuments, this one does not appear among these and is found only on this pillar of the Kōṭikal Maṇḍapa. Note that the biruda Vāma is engraved twice on the Dharmarājaratha at Mahābalipuram. Vāmāṅkuṣa might be the biruda of one among the Pallava biruda-bearers of Mahābalipuram or of an obscure Pallava prince or, as suggested by Srinivasan 1964: page 110, of a chief, subordinated to the Pallavas.

    Bibliography

    Edited in Hultzsch 1909–1910 (EI 10, no. 1.18), with a facsimile; text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP no. 61); text and translation in Brocquet 1997; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy, photographs (2009), and facsimile published in Hultzsch 1909–1910: page 8, № 19.

    Primary

    Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1909–1910. “The Pallava Inscriptions of the Seven Pagodas.” EI 10: 1–14.
    Page 8, № 19. [siglum EH]
    Venkatasubba Ayyar, V. 1943. South Indian Inscriptions. Volume XII: The Pallavas (with Introductory Notes in English). South Indian Inscriptions 12. Madras: Government Press.
    Page 11, № 23. [siglum VVS]
    Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan.
    Page 199, № 61. [siglum IP]
    Brocquet, Sylvain. 1997. “Les inscriptions sanskrites des Pallava : poésie, rituel, idéologie.” Thèse de doctorat, Paris: Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle.
    Page 586, № 45. [siglum SB]

    Secondary

    ARIE 1907-1908. Page 36, appendix B/1907, № 530. [siglum ARIE 1907-1908]
    Srinivasan, K. R. 1964. Cave-Temples of the Pallavas. Architectural Survey of Temples 1. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India.
    Page 110.
    Francis, Emmanuel. 2013. Le discours royal dans l’Inde du Sud ancienne : inscriptions et monuments Pallava, IVème-IXème siècles. Tome I : Introduction et sources. Publications de l’Institut orientaliste de Louvain 64. Louvain-la-Neuve; Paris: Université catholique de Louvain, Institut orientaliste; Peeters.
    Page 289.